Jan
8
Periodontal disease, often referred to as gum disease, is a common dental condition that affects the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. It typically develops due to the accumulation of dental plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, on the teeth and gums. There are two main stages of periodontal disease:
- Gingivitis: This is the early stage of gum disease and is characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums, especially during brushing and flossing. Gingivitis is usually reversible with proper oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, as well as professional dental cleanings.
- Periodontitis: If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress into periodontitis. In this stage, the inner layer of the gum and bone begins to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets. These pockets can become infected. Over time, the body’s immune response, as well as the toxins produced by the bacteria, can lead to damage to the bone and connective tissues that hold the teeth in place. This can ultimately result in tooth loss.
Common signs of periodontitis include:
- Gum recession
- Pockets or spaces between teeth and gums
- Bad breath (halitosis)
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Changes in the way your teeth fit together when you bite
To manage periodontal disease, it’s essential to seek professional dental care. Treatment may involve scaling and root planing (deep cleaning), antibiotics, and, in severe cases, surgical procedures to repair damaged tissues or regenerate bone. Good oral hygiene practices, like regular brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups, are also crucial in preventing and managing periodontal disease.